There was a positive correlation between respondents’ perceived side-effect severity and the proportion of friends and family who also reported notable side effects ( r = 0.43 P < 0.001).ĭistribution of responses on Primary-Outcome Survey Questions. However, Republicans (relative to Democrats) were significantly less likely to recommend the vaccine to others in light of their experience (OR = 0.40 95% CI, 0.31–0.51 P < 0.001), and Republicans (relative to Democrats) reported having a larger share of COVID-19-vaccinated friends and family who experienced notable side effects (OR = 1.26 95% CI, 1.02–1.55 P < 0.05). Among those reporting symptoms, there was no significant difference in Republicans’ rating of the severity of their side effects (OR = 1.38 95% CI, 0.82–2.3). Table 2 presents ordered-logistic-regression results of (i) the perceived severity of side effects, (ii) the extent to which the respondent’s experience with the vaccine led them to be more or less likely to recommend it to others in their social network and (iii) the vaccine experience of people in the respondents’ social network, controlling for gender, age and race (the raw distribution of responses to these survey items is presented in Fig. Among the vaccinated, Republicans reported having experienced significant side effects similarly to Democrats (21 versus 25%, respectively P = 0.17 see Table 1). Consistent with prior research, Democrats were more likely than their Republican counterparts to report having received at least one COVID-19 vaccine (84 versus 59%, respectively P < 0.001), and to have received a higher number of doses (mean, 2.4 versus 1.5 P < 0.001). The sample includes similar numbers of Republicans ( n = 629) and Democrats ( n = 630). Ordered logistic regressions were used to study differences in ordinal outcomes, controlling for other factors. Differences in baseline characteristics and responses were examined with a t-test (quantitative data) and χ 2 test (dichotomous variables). Of the 1383 respondents who entered the survey, 1259 (91%) passed the screening criterion (identifying as a Republican or Democrat) and completed the survey. The NYU Grossman School of Medicine Institutional Review Board considered this study not human subjects research because of the lack of interaction with or collection of identifiable information about human subjects. Respondents were directly recruited, from across the United States, who identified as Republican or Democrat with directional balancing on age, gender and census region. Methodsĭata for this study were collected from an online survey panel by Centiment, LLC, a market-research firm, and provided to the researchers fully anonymized. To better understand the relationship between political affiliation and COVID-19 vaccine experiences, data were analyzed from a national survey of American adults who identify as either Democrat or Republican, to assess whether political affiliation is associated with (i) subjective appraisals of severity of side effects, (ii) the role that these experiences play in encouraging (or discouraging) others in the respondents’ social network to receive a COVID-19 vaccine and (iii) the vaccine experience of other members of the respondents’ social network. This has important implications, as the experiences of those who are vaccinated may carry heightened influence within a vaccine recipient’s social network, and many vaccine-hesitant adults consider friends and family to be the most trustworthy sources of information. 3, 4 Less understood is the role that political affiliation may play in the perceived side effects of the vaccine ‘among those who are vaccinated’. 2Īmong adults in the United States, the likelihood of receiving a COVID-19 vaccine is strongly associated with political affiliation, with Republicans significantly less likely than Democrats to be vaccinated. 1 However, the public health benefits of COVID-19 vaccines were undermined in countries where hesitancy rates were high, including in the United States during the early phase of the vaccine rollout. It is estimated that COVID-19 vaccine programs reduced COVID-19-related deaths by nearly two-thirds globally, saving as many as 19.8 million lives in the 1st year of their availability (8 December 2020–2021). Bias, COVID-19, perceptions, SARS-CoV-2, side effects, vaccine Background
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